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solar Microsystems Inc. launched the 6.5 version of its iPlanet application Server nowadays, improving the structures mitigate for net functions and including a number of current facets meant to mitigate developers installation options more perquisite away.
“Our focus with this release of iPlanet changed into on developer productivity,” says Patrick Dorsey, a product advertising and marketing supervisor for solar’s iPlanet neighborhood. And Dorsey says, in line with preparatory outcomes, clients of iPlanet 6.5 were developing options up to 10 times quicker than they had been with outdated editions of the AS.
final 12 months, solar launched the iPlanet software Framework beneath its early-access application for developers. The framework, which is pretty much a gear of top-quality practices with reusable Java courses and JavaBeans for utility builders, has now been built-in with iPlanet as Part of the 6.5 unlock. Dorsey credits the integrated design platform for the productiveness improvement builders are getting from iPlanet 6.5.
during the early-access software, the iPlanet application Framework received about one hundred downloads, says Dorsey. Of these downloads, solar has identified 30 mission-critical deployments in which the offering has been used. in line with customer comments, coding will moreover subsist reduced by means of greater than 1,000 percent by course of imposing the framework’s top-quality practices and reusable aspects.
On the net features front, sun has built-in the iPlanet software server with its uniqueness for Java developer tools platform. In doing so, builders can now exercise a wizard to render Java courses and EJBs as net services. With outdated types of iPlanet, developers needed to manually create wrappers in an exertion to render internet capabilities. Wizards are additionally now attainable for rendering workflows and company methods as web capabilities
moreover, solar has added advocate for JMS (Java Messaging carrier), an application programming interface for connecting Java classes to messaging middleware. via JMS, iPlanet AS can now connect with the iPlanet Message Queue. in advance of the 6.5 release, iPlanet AS may simplest connect with other JMS compliant message queues, akin to IBM Corp.’s WebSphere MQ.
solar fashioned its iPlanet division following the formation of the sun-Netscape alliance, and has when you consider that been trying to compete with market leaders IBM and BEA methods in the middleware house. although, it has been a little at the back of each corporations in its adoption of web functions, which many view as a key expertise going forward for software server carriers. nonetheless, Dorsey believes iPlanet is not off course to problem each IBM and BEA for market supremacy.
“We consider, with iPlanet fitting Part of sun, they are able to hold an outstanding chance of overtaking the leaders during this market for software server marketshare,” says Dorsey.
Most traffic analysts foretell IBM and BEA will remain at the suitable of this marketplace for some time to return, though. Deborah Hess, a senior analyst with Gartner, predicts, despite the fact, there can subsist satisfactory action in the application server market to mitigate more than simply two providers. She says, the emergence of internet services will extend require in the software server market. “The main utility providers are in friendly shape,” says Hess.
sun’s iPlanet 6.5 software Server comes geared up with current developer resources, including pattern purposes for soap, UDDI, CORBA, and JMS. it is additionally packaged with an internet-based mostly practising module. The commercial enterprise edition of iPlanet 6.5 AS can subsist available in March, 2002 for $19,995 per CPU.
about the writer
Matt Migliore is typical contributor to ENTmag.com. He focuses peculiarly on Microsoft .web and different net services applied sciences. Matt become the editor of a brace of technology-related net publications and digital newsletters, together with internet services document, ASP insights and MIDRANGE methods.
IDP hosts the servers and handles the transactions that stream through web ePOST. The platform infrastructure displays a multitier structure: internet server, utility server, database server, and listing server. There are industrial-energy printing servers connected to the infrastructure, as smartly. organizations even hold the option of hosting the application in their own IT infrastructures. physically, All these servers can flee anywhere~even inside an organization's firewalls.
To net-allow IDP's ePOST utility, IDP and sun skilled services utilized three different EJBs~administration-service bean, customer-provider bean, and hybrid-mail service bean. each of those EJBs is a stateless session bean operating on iPlanet utility Server, which is according to the EJB specifications. using stateless session beans gives IDP with lofty scalability, seeing that a person's request can subsist executed in any application server process in this sort of replicated gadget. Two subsequent requests from the identical person can subsist accomplished in two distinctive tactics on two distinctive hosts. So if the net ePOST licensee has built-in the reply into a clustered environment, the software server All the time directs requests to the least-loaded host. "With stateless session beans," notes Hansen, "our customers can accommodate as many hosts as they need, with out affecting person response time." The initial production hardware comprises any variety of sun enterprise 450 servers running Solaris 7 (the number of servers is dictated by using the internet ePOST licensee).
using iPlanet application Server and iPlanet internet Server became recommended through sun skilled functions—a suggestion IDP didn't consume evenly. iPlanet utility Server is a J2EE technology–appropriate e-commerce platform that extends the reliability and portability of the J2EE atmosphere through its failover capability, container-managed persistence, and transaction monitoring. iPlanet web Server features a excessive-efficiency Java software platform that helps Java Servlet extensions, JSPs, and in-system, plugable Java digital machines. "We're pleased with this recommendation as a result of collectively, these iPlanet options supply a reputable spine to steer their J2EE know-how–based mostly answer. As they grow their client base, and in eddy the transaction extent, we're assured we've a platform that allows you to hold tempo with us," notes Johnsen.
each and every EJB handles requests from one of the vital various styles of valued clientele: hybrid-mail administration, consumer administration and postal office administration. The EJBs commission the request from the customer, in accordance with the person identity and password obtained All the course through log in. They then study and write to the database. The hybrid-mail EJB moreover communicates with the credit card verification and cost server provided by using the net ePOST licensee.
The GUIs for the client administration, postal workplace administration, operator and aid desk are provided through HTML pages generated through JSPs. Of route, these pages dwell on the application server, along with servlets and EJBs. JSP pages consist primarily of kinds and tables stuffed with information from the database. each and every of internet ePOST's 111 JSP pages gives exciting performance.
The postal administrator can view and modify consumer information, in addition to register current purchasers.
The operator can view logs and update application-server configurations, and the advocate desk can view customer records. The operator and assist desk are not covered in the Java applet; they're features attainable through HTML pages for exercise via the postal company or other IDP consumer.
The client administrator can view and regulate pick information about the business, and might moreover add current clients from the very business.
in terms of tiers, net ePOST's underpinnings were allotted along the following traces as proven in determine 10.2:
figure 10.2 IDP application architecture
client tier: Java applet and internet browser running from a laptop. The Java applet presents the graphical person interface, integrates with address databases, calculates shipping costs, and lets clients transmit HML data with embedded postscript.
net tier: a shopper computer operating Netscape, Microsoft cyber web Explorer, or an additional internet browser downloads the Java applet. iPlanet internet server moreover resides on this tier. Firewalls and SSL encryption give security.
business-common sense tier: Java Servlets and JSPs operating on iPlanet application Server powered via two solar traffic 450 servers. Java Servlets operate previews, withhold HML documents on the file system, and locate stateless session EJBs using Java endemic listing Interface (JNDI). JSPs consist particularly of generated HTML forms and tables with statistics examine from the database the exercise of DAO, enabling postal operators to update software-server configurations.
EJBs, JDBC, and a Postscript parser/JPEG renderer, to parse Postscript files and render them as JPEG photos, flee on solar enterprise 450 servers. EJBs commission requests from the customer, study/write to the database by the exercise of DAO, and communicate with the bank card verification and freight server. JDBC 2.0–compliant Oracle OCI drivers are used to retrieve assistance kept in Oracle8i for the requesting EJB part.
Database tier: When iPlanet application Server receives an HML letter, a process is initiated that takes the HML document and places it in a listing on Oracle's server, a sun enterprise 450. EJBs do a list in a undeniable table, referred to as hybrid-mail transact, and moreover trigger freight services. A UNIX-based mostly method then goes into the transact desk to determine for brand current print jobs, as well as for timestamps. If jobs exist, the procedure sends a convene out that triggers the printing procedure. moreover animated on the database tier is JAD'ok, the credit card authorization application that IDP used when trying out internet ePOST.
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(Santa Clara, CA) - solar Microsystems, Inc. introduced iPlanet utility Server 6.5, that includes a current application framework offering developers prebuilt Java components in keeping with foremost design practices that will moreover subsist with ease assembled to kind the infrastructure of J2EE purposes up to 10 times quicker than in the past possible. further current points in iPlanet utility Server 6.5 allow developers to divulge company strategies as web functions, raise capabilities on require assist via tense integration with solar's specialty(TM) for Java built-in building environment (IDE), and present a vast latitude of recent gear and elements for features on require building. With these enhancements, sun continues to construct upon its world-type iPlanet application Server and now offers developers in any respect stages of expertise the skill to All of a sudden create refined commercial enterprise applications that completely leverage the powerful capabilities of the J2EE platform.
the brand current specifications-based mostly iPlanet utility Framework, blanketed at no can freight with iPlanet utility Server 6.5, offers a prebuilt J2EE basis that shortens utility assembly and deployment time by using eliminating the necessity to recreate the underlying infrastructure for brand spanking current JSP and servlet-based mostly functions. The iPlanet utility Framework is a confirmed, multiplatform building atmosphere that has been generally attainable via an early entry software and has already been effectively implemented in additional than 30 mission-important deployments. Early access customer feedback and inner testing divulge that evolution time will moreover subsist reduced via pretty much one hundred percent. as an instance, a sample e-commerce software, which at the start required more than eleven,000 lines of code, become achieved in 750 traces All through interior trying out the exercise of the iPlanet application Framework.
``solar is committed to helping the more than 3 million Java platform developers around the world of their quest to enhance the ingenious solutions with a purpose to accommodate the next era of computing,'' famous Stuart Wells, vp of iPlanet items at sun. ``The introduction of iPlanet software Server 6.5 and the built-in iPlanet application Framework gives an most advantageous combination of items, courses, and mitigate to allow developers at All stages to fully embrace the energy of Java know-how for the birth of capabilities on demand.''
iPlanet application Server 6.5 now contains enhanced net services capabilities that enable builders to indicate enterprise processes as net features. This current performance -- mixed with the specialty for Java IDE -- offers developers and company analysts an conclusion-to-end evolution reply that leverages latest functions to enable the building of composite-primarily based web functions that may moreover subsist without hardship tailored to altering traffic requirements.
iPlanet utility Server 6.5 now includes the iPlanet Message Queue, a tenacious implementation of the Java Messaging provider (JMS) specification and Message driven Bean (MDB) construction aid. the integration of the iPlanet Message Queue, coupled with current developer aid for message-driven beans, permits developers to extra quite simply advance and install loosely coupled net functions that subsist positive inevitable birth and lofty efficiency in the course of the necessities-based mostly JMS asynchronous messaging protocol.
New developer components embrace sample functions concentrated on iPlanet utility Server 6.5 interoperability with internet functions, CORBA, JMS, and Struts, which comprise prebuilt code to enable builders to build current functions extra perquisite away. iPlanet application Server 6.5 will moreover subsist packaged with an entire web-primarily based practising module to velocity developer getting to know and productivity. moreover, iPlanet is providing current user organizations and an internet-based community forum, both designed to aid iPlanet application Server clients alternate finest practices and boost particular person developer skill sets.
more counsel is accessible at www.iplanet.com.
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Eclipse GlassFish 5.1 has been released, and unlike the modest extend in version number might suggest, this truly marks a major milestone — not just for the GlassFish project itself, but for Java EE and affecting Jakarta EE forward even more.
A sight at the History of GlassFish
GlassFish goes back a long way. It started with the Kiva Enterprise Server, a Java application server that was released in January 1996 (for comparison, Java 1.0 itself was moreover released in that month!)
A year later, Netscape acquired Kiva, and the Kiva Enterprise Server became known as Netscape Application Server (NAS), which had its own pre-J2EE proprietary Java web APIs (such as the AppLogic framework, which was love Servlets and DAE for DB access). NAS 2.1, which was available from early 1998, was a particularly celebrated version. Application servers were quite pricey back then, as Netscape Application Server was around $35,000 per CPU.
In 1999, Sun and Netscape (later AOL) formed an alliance, and Netscape Application Server 4, which was released later that year, included advocate for an early version of J2EE (Servlets, EJBs, JSPs, and JDBC). For example, JSP advocate was for the early version 0.92.
Netscape Application Server 4 was chosen by the alliance to continue evolution on instead of merging it with the NetDynamics 5.01 application server Sun had acquired earlier. The name was once again changed, this time into iPlanet Application Server (iAS). It was Part of the iPlanet suite of products jointly developed by Sun and AOL (Netscape).
iAS Version 6, from around the year 2000, was a J2EE 1.2-compatible server, supporting things such as Servlets 2.2, EJB 1.1, JSP 1.1 (based on Jasper), and JTA 1.0 (based on the Encina transaction monitor).
For version 7, the name was once again changed, now in plenary to "Stanford University Network Open Net Environment Application Server," aka Sun ONE Application Server (S1AS, or SOAS). S1AS 7 was made available for no cost when it was released in late 2002, although it was still closed source. It included a modified Tomcat 4, which has a long history as well. Version 8 once again saw a name change, when it became Sun Java System Application Server (SJSAS) 8, which was J2EE 1.4 compatible. Around this time period, Sun had moreover split off a derived version called the J2EE SDK (Reference Implementation, or RI), which was essentially the core of the plenary application server, but later on, this became the Platform Edition of SJSAS and the simple RI was only made available for TCK testing.
Open-Source GlassFish Project
In 2005, the open-source GlassFish project was started, which was essentially formed by the donation of the source code for SJSAS 9 by Sun and the TopLink persistence source code by Oracle (for the current JPA implementation in EE 5). In May 2006, the Java EE 5-compatible and fully open-source GlassFish 1.0 was released. After some intermediate versions, a major re-architectured version of GlassFish was released in December 2009, GlassFish 3.0. In the GlassFish source code internally, there are still many references to "V3," which refers to this major milestone.
Payara Server Is Born
After Oracle acquired Sun, it still released a version 3.1 of GlassFish in early 2011 with production features such as clustering and load balancing, but after that release, it got relatively silent. In November 2013, Oracle announced they would still advocate the open source GlassFish but ended commercial support. In just open-source fashion, this led to the Payara Server, which started as a fork of GlassFish and added commercial support, regular bug fixes, and regular component updates. GlassFish 4 was released to advocate Java EE 7, but from a server architecture point of view, it was a relatively minor update, with mostly the components being updated to their EE 7 versions.
GlassFish Is Transferred to the Eclipse Foundation
Late 2015/early 2016, it becomes quieter on the GlassFish front, and several articles appeared questioning Oracle's interest in Java EE, specifically GlassFish. In August 2017, Oracle indeed announced that they did not want to subsist primarily responsible for Java EE and GlassFish anymore. A Little later, Oracle announced that Java EE and All the GlassFish code (GlassFish itself and All its constituent components) will subsist transferred to the Eclipse Foundation. The name of the project would become "EE4J," and in early 2018, the source code starts transferring to the "eclipse-ee4j" repo on GitHub.
As Part of the deal between Oracle and Eclipse, it has decided to release GlassFish 5.1, which is completely built by the Eclipse organization from the transferred and relicensed components that is fully Java EE 8 certified.
Payara Services Involvement
Altogether, this transfer has taken a lot of work. Payara Services (the company as well as individuals working for Payara) hold supported this process from its early stages. It included mitigate from the initial cleaning of several projects for the vetting of the transfer. For instance, in the Mojarra project, there was quite a bit of ancient code and other artifacts that were removed one by one, as they would hold been difficult to vet. After the bare source code transfer, several adjustments were needed to obtain the projects cleanly build and later on to obtain them toil on the Eclipse Jenkins instances (https://jenkins.eclipse.org). For this to happen, a large number of jobs had to subsist created, for each project to build, stage, and finally to release them to Maven central. The component tracker at https://wiki.eclipse.org/Eclipse_GlassFish_5.1_Components_Release_Tracker gives some understanding of which projects were involved.
Payara specifically contributed to the transfer of the following API projects and their associated implementations:
#
Leading
EE4J Impl
JSF
☑️
Mojarra
Expression Language
☑️
EL-RI
EE Security
-
Soteria
JACC
☑️
GlassFish
JASPIC
☑️
GlassFish
Interceptors
☑️ (shared)
-
JAX-RS
Jersey
JMS
OpenMQ
JSP
GlassFish
Servlet
GlassFish
WebSocket
Tyrus
EE Concurrency
☑️
Concurrency RI
Altogether, it was a worthy experience working on this transfer, but at times, it was moreover quite a bit of work, especially when, in the beginning, it wasn't lucid at All how to proceed with inevitable things.
Now, however, this toil is finally done! GlassFish is fully built on the Eclipse infrastructure, and today's release by Eclipse marks another major step in GlassFish's long journey, starting at Kiva, passing through NetScape, growing up at Sun, passing through Oracle, and now landing at Eclipse.
One Step Closer to Jakarta EE 9
But it's not only about GlassFish itself. With this transfer completed, and both GlassFish and its components available via the Jakarta Maven coordinates, we are one major step closer to starting the toil for Jakarta EE 9.
GlassFish 5.1 can subsist downloaded here: https://projects.eclipse.org/projects/ee4j.glassfish/downloads
The implementation components are available from the org.glassfish Maven coordinates as before: https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/glassfish/main/distributions/glassfish/5.1.0
The API jars now live under the current Jakarta Maven coordinates: https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/jakarta/
We at Payara would love to thank All partners from Jakarta EE who helped with the transfer. Special thanks depart to Dmitry Kornilov for his indefatigable amount of mitigate and counsel whenever they got stuck on something. Thanks, Dmitry!
Introducing Web services and SOAPWhile the Internet wave has brought about a revolution in IT and traffic alike, it could subsist argued that current enterprise needs are now strongly influencing the evolution of the technologies that shape the Internet itself.
Over the past few years, they hold witnessed the transition from the basic serving of static documents using HTTP and HTML, to ever-increasing levels of interactivity and integration, and to the concept of Web applications. The advent of current technologies and products -- most notably, application servers -- has made it workable to create a current generation of distributed, multi-tiered Web applications that feature a lofty smooth of interactivity, are able to deliver tailored, dynamic content, and permit access to back-end enterprise systems over the Internet.
More recently, technologies such as XML hold been playing a key role in facilitating the exchange of information between heterogeneous systems, such as content syndication between traffic partners. As for integration with back-end systems, so far this has been typically achieved by means of asynchronous communication using message-oriented middleware (MOM) products, and technologies such as JMS (Java Message Service).
Today, the require for tighter, seamless integration and interoperability between heterogeneous traffic systems (such as those of a buyer and a supplier), and the necessity for synchronous communication, is driving the evolution of the Web towards a service-oriented model where individual processes within disparate, remote systems can communicate with each other in a transparent and synchronous fashion. In this model, a system can expose individual application functions, or services, that can subsist called by other services from different systems, much in the very course as programmers obtain office calls within a program. In effect, this constitutes an implementation of remote procedure calls at Web level, and allows for complex, distributed applications to subsist assembled from disparate components on the Internet.
In order to achieve this current programming model and tie these services together so they can subsist coordinated, a common interconnection protocol must subsist defined. Though a number of distributed component technologies such as CORBA already exist, most of them are not ideally suited to the assignment of implementing Web Services, as they depend on complicated and symmetrical protest models, signification that applications that wish to communicate with each other must exercise similar, heavy-weight protocols and protest models at both ends. An additional issue is the fact that nowadays, most protocols apart from HTTP minister to subsist blocked by firewalls, so as to alleviate potential security attacks.
Departing from complicated protest models and protocols, the Simple protest Access Protocol (SOAP) was developed by Microsoft, DevelopMentor, and Userland Software. The rationale for developing this current protocol was to circumvent the aforementioned issues by using the Web's 'lowest common denominator' protocol, that is, HTTP, as the underlying transport layer. In addition, SOAP relies on custom HTTP headers and uses another widely-accepted touchstone -- XML -- to embed the inter-application protocol messages and data into the HTTP stream.
SOAP therefore aims to provide an elegant, light-weight, and universal alternative to inter-application communication that smoothly and seamlessly facilitates the implementation of Web services.
SOAP 1.0 was submitted to the IETF and adopted as a draft recommendation, and the basis specification was completed in 1998. The number of vendors supporting SOAP is on a uniform increase, with worthy names such as IBM, Lotus, Intel, and Compaq. The 1.1 specification was submitted to the W3C in May ultimate year, though it has not been adopted yet as a W3C recommendation.
One of the main design goals of SOAP is simplicity, and although the specification defines a touchstone but extensible communication protocol and payload (data) format, it avoids any higher-level and more involved aspects of a distributed protest system. Simplicity has its downside however, and organizations such as the W3C hold objected in particular that SOAP did not address security considerations and that the scheme for protest marshaling was not express enough. On the downside too, one must withhold in reason that a communication channel as unreliable as HTTP does not lend itself well to guaranteed reliability of synchronous, RPC-like communication.
Integration with SOAP
Although iPlanet Application Server does not ship with any built-in SOAP implementation, complete instructions are provided for integrating Apache SOAP with the application server. Apache SOAP is an open-source SOAP implementation in Java based on SOAP4J, a framework initially developed by IBM and later donated to the Apache Software Foundation. Thanks to the continued involvement and contribution of the Apache community, the project has evolved into one of the mainstream SOAP implementations. Despite restrictions as regards advocate for some SOAP 1.1 protocol features, Apache SOAP currently provides the best solution available for the J2EE platform.
In order to add SOAP advocate to iPlanet Application Server, a number of libraries must subsist downloaded and installed, and a few changes to the server configuration must subsist made. Fortunately, the instructions provided by iPlanet are lucid enough to ensure that this operation can subsist smoothly performed. Basically, the whole process translates into the progression of steps summarized below:-
Download the Apache SOAP 2.0 binary distribution file from the Apache XML Web site, along with the Xerces XML parser and Xalan XSLT processor. To alleviate potential inconvenience with different releases of these frameworks, iPlanet recommend downloading the specific versions of Xerces and Xalan that they hold tested, though newer releases should not pose any problems in theory. Additionally, if planning to obtain exercise of server-side scripting languages for implementing Web services, then the Bean Scripting Framework libraries are moreover required (one of the sample applications bundled with Apache SOAP requires these libraries).
Extract and copy selected Java libraries from the downloaded archive files to a specific location within the iPlanet Application Server installation directory.
Use the iPlanet Registry Editor to obtain necessary changes to the server's CLASSPATH, and restart the application server so the changes can subsist effected.
The final step is to deploy the SOAP-Admin Web application included with Apache SOAP, a assignment that is greatly facilitated by the user-friendly iPlanet Deployment Tool.
The SOAP-Admin application serves as the main facility for listing, adding, and removing registered Web services on the server. It moreover includes an option to check that installation was successful by verifying the rectify operation of the SOAP RPC router.
Next, iPlanet provides instructions for exercising SOAP functionality with sample applications. As Part of the Apache SOAP distribution, three samples are provided:
AddressBook, a simple service that allows the user to query and populate an address reserve stored on the server.
Calculator, a simple calculator service implemented in JavaScript, and accessed through a graphical calculator Java client. This sample requires that advocate for server-side scripting languages (Bean Scripting Framework libraries) subsist installed.
StockQuote, a service that allows clients to retrieve delayed stock quotes. Two clients are provided for this sample, and demonstrate the exercise of SOAP over SMTP as well as HTTP for transport.
In addition to these samples, iPlanet provide two custom sample applications that demonstrate how SOAP and EJB can subsist combined, by showing how to access EJBs from a Web Service:
Soap-HelloWorld is a basic sample demonstrating access to a stateless session EJB from a Web Service.
Soap-ShoppingCart is a more advanced sample that demonstrates access from a Web Service to a stateful EJB deployed as Part of a Web application. In effect, it illustrates how to wrap EJB traffic methods into a Web Service that can then act as a 'server-side proxy' to the EJB component. Using this approach, it is workable to allow any SOAP client access to EJB functionality exposed through a service. Finally, this sample moreover features two client access modes: through a Web application, and through a Java command-line client. However, when it comes to deploying Web services that access components from other applications, this sample displays a rather annoying trait. Although the accessed EJB is registered in the server, the path to the EJB JAR file must still subsist manually added to the application server's CLASSPATH using the iPlanet Registry Editor, so that the SOAP service application can 'see' it. All samples moreover advance with Ant-based build scripts and documentation that describes the functionality of the applications, as well as instructions for building and deploying them to iPlanet Application Server. While these instructions necessity clarity in places, and a few difficulties were experienced, the documentation is being fully revised and streamlined for the upcoming SP3 release of iPlanet Application Server.
Web services authoring and evolution tools
On the productivity side, iPlanet does not currently provide any tools suited to the design, development, testing and deployment of Web Services. However, toil is underway to provide integrated evolution and runtime advocate of Web services within iPlanet Application Server and forte or Java. The upcoming forte or Java, Enterprise Edition product will hold built-in Web services authoring support.
Summary
On the Web services front, SOAP advocate is satisfactory even though it requires divide installation of Apache SOAP.
It should moreover subsist famous that, while the version currently supported is Apache SOAP 2.0, the upcoming SP3 release of iPlanet Application Server will embrace updated instructions for integrating with Apache SOAP 2.2. This will bring further benefits, such as improved security (with advocate for HTTP authentication and SSL), and advocate for HTTP proxies.
On the matter of productivity though, the iPlanet offering currently lags behind when it comes to providing tools suitable for creating, assembling and deploying of Web Services. Fortunately, as previously mentioned, this is likely to subsist remedied in the near future with the release of the current version of forte or Java, Enterprise Edition.
In the meantime, the Ant toolset and sample build scripts provided, along with the Apache SOAP Admin console and TCP tunnel/monitor tool, address the basic requirements for developing, assembling, deploying, and debugging Web services with iPlanet Application Server.
Copyright 2002 TechMetrix Research. TechMetrix is a technology-oriented analyst difficult focused on e-business application evolution needs. TechMetrix is moreover backed by its parent company, a European global system integrator - SQLI - with more than 800 developers in the field.
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J2EE application servers are Web application server products that adhere to standards and technologies advocated by Sun's J2EE specifications. They All offer a standardized evolution and runtime environment for application components.
Codes built on top of J2EE application servers are portable across one another. For example, a servlet developed over BEA's Weblogic server can subsist deployed in IBM's Websphere server without any code-level changes.
To ensure compatibility of application components across different breeds of servers, Sun has released a J2EE licensing scheme and a J2EE compatibility test suite (CTS). Vendors who hold obtained the J2EE license and passed CTS can convene their products "J2EE-certified."
Choice of Application Servers
Because it is a lucrative market with a growth potential of several billion dollars, almost All major IT companies hold jumped onto the application server bandwagon. These companies embrace ATG, BEA Systems, Borland Corp, Broad Vision, Brokat, Compaq, Computer Associates, Fujitsu, Hewlett-Packard, Hitachi, IBM, Macromedia, NEC, Nokia, Oracle, SAP, Silver Stream, Sybase, TIBCO Software, WebGain... All of them are J2EE licensees, and many of them hold rolled out their very own J2EE-certified application servers to the market.
Combine this list of J2EE licensee companies with other application server companies that are yet to combine the licensing scheme, and you intermission up with a highly crowded market place, with each product trying to carve out its own niche segments.
According to various market survey reports, BEA's Weblogic server and IBM's Websphere dominate the J2EE application server market, followed by other players such as Oracle. Ironically, Sun's own J2EE application server product (called iPlanet, and now renamed as the Sun ONE application server) is yet to obtain a major repercussion in the application server arena.
One application server that is not yet J2EE-certified, but is well worth taking a sight at is JBoss (http://www.jboss.org). This open source application server is making significant inroads into the enterprise environments.
How to pick Your Application Server
Choosing a particular application server for a given enterprise environment is no smooth task. With a loaded set of evolution and runtime features, each application server vendor lures companies to adopt its own product.
In the following sections, they try to identify All major features of application servers that are essential for an integrated, Web-based enterprise IT architecture. The relevance and importance of specific features in a given enterprise environment should ultimately dictate the election of decision-makers.
Essential Features of Application Servers
Scaling
Scaling is the capability of the application server to meet dynamic site traffic and serve the increasing number of client requests.
Ambiguous Web traffic volume is a potential problem for the server administrators. When not handled properly, it may well consume the server to its limits, resulting in system crashes.
Load Balancing
Load balancing is the capability to ration the client requests to different servers under the very cluster. Simple hardware solutions are already available for less-intelligent request routing. In the case of application servers, however, they are talking about a much higher smooth of load balancing, in which distributed application components instead of client requests are load balanced.
Fault Tolerance
Fault tolerance is the capability to resume operations in spite of component failures, network failures, and server crashes. In production environments, usually several servers are configured to toil in orchestration with each other. Thus, when one server in the group fails, the other can consume up the additional load.
Transaction Monitoring
Application servers should subsist capable of doing effective traffic transactions across multiple server instances and networks. Two-phase entrust might subsist essential for inevitable faultfinding enterprise transactions.
How well the application server monitors and ensures transactions is an essential feature to subsist considered.
Availability of Resources
An application server's resources—such as memory, computing power, components, databases, and other backend systems—should always subsist available to serve client requests. It is the responsibility of the application server to ensure that no client request gets timed out due to the necessity of computing power or components to service the request.
Performance
Performance can subsist generally thought of as the capability of the application server to attend to the client's request within the earliest workable timeslot. For this to succeed, the server must subsist capable of processing the transactions between the clients and back-end resources efficiently.
Some application server vendors and independent market watch firms hold advance out with their own benchmarks (for example, ECPerf) for measuring the performance of the application server. A typical benchmark is "so many thousand requests handled per second" under a given configuration.
Platform/OS Support
Java- and J2EE-based servers naturally advocate more operating systems and platforms than other kinds of application servers. In enterprise server environments, UNIX flavors and Linux dominate, whereas developer platforms are often Windows-based.
Note that Microsoft's .Net architecture (a direct competitor to Java/J2EE) is available only in MS Windows platforms.
Tools and IDE Support
Many application servers advance bundled with evolution tools and integrated evolution environments (IDEs) for developing and deploying applications with ease. The character and ruggedness of the tool, as well as its integration with a given application server, are decisive factors for an application server choice.
Examples embrace IBM's VisualAge, which comes with the IBM Websphere application server; and WebGain Studio, which is the preferred IDE for BEA's Weblogic.
Development and Runtime Licenses
Certain application servers offer free evolution licenses, charging only for production runtime license. This option is more attractive to novice developers who want to amass started with J2EE application servers.
When the size of the project is large, many evolution teams will subsist involved, and development-licensing charges could subsist significant.
Web Server Support
Quality of the HTTP Web server that comes bundled with the application server, and compliance and compatibility with other celebrated HTTP Web servers in the market is an essential factor to subsist considered.
Security Management
How secure are the transactions between the client and the server and across the tiers? What are the features of the product that specifically advocate this? What are the security standards supported by the product? Is there any security framework that is bundled with the application server?
These are All questions that should subsist asked to amass an understanding of the security features supported by a given application server.
Back-End Systems Integration
Application servers link different kinds of back-end resources: mainframes, relational databases, ERP, CRM, and other legacy systems. If there is any built-in advocate available within the application server for a given back-end environment, then it can redeem the cost and exertion required for systems integration.
Administration/Manageabiliy
Application servers should hold user-friendly tools for day-to-day administration activities: resource monitoring, application health monitoring, deployment and replacement of components, and so on.
Although the character and features supported by these tools vary widely, almost All of them hold a visual console for performing basic operations. Most of them are empowered with remote administration capabilities so that system administrators necessity not subsist physically present in the server room.
One additional positive feature is the capability of the application server to escalate alerts, if any, to enterprise management tools, so that transactions are not adversely affected.
Site Monitoring/Analysis and Reporting
Some application servers bear standardized weekly and monthly reports on the number of hits, resource usage, etc. These are most useful for statistical purposes and site performance reporting.
Availability of Local Technical Support
Depending upon the technical expertise available within the enterprise, this feature moreover assumes importance. Expert counsel that is available from visiting consultants and e-mail is not as friendly as having a tenacious local team to advocate the products. The accent is on the problem-solving capability of the local skill set.
Pricing
Depending upon the budget and resources committed, pricing may become a constraint in adopting the perquisite application server for the enterprise. For experimentation and proof-of-concepts, open source servers are better choices.
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